1. John Gramlich. “What the Data Say About Gun Deaths in the U.S.” Pew Research Center. 28 Apr 2026

2. “Mass Shootings.”  Everytown for Gun Safety. 27 July 2026

3. Cassandra McBride. “How Many Gun Owners Are in America?” 2 Mar 2026

4. “Gun Ownership by Country 2026.” World Population Review. 27 July 2026

5. “On Gun Violence, the United States is an Outlier.” Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.” 31 Oct 2023

6. United States Constitution.  Second Amendment.

7. District of Columbia v. Heller.  07-290.  554 US 570 (2008).  Decided June 26, 2008.