1. Davey Alba. “Misinformation About George Floyd Protests Surges on Social Media.” New York Times. 1 June 2020

2. Sheera Frenkel, Ben Decker and Davey Alba. “How The ‘Plandemic’ Movie and Its Falsehoods Spread Widely Online.” New York Times. 21 May 2020

3. Martin Enserink and Jon Cohen. “Fact Checking Judy Mikovits, the Controversial Virologist Attacking Anthony Fauci in a Viral Conspiracy Video.” 8 May 2020

4. Jonathan Jarry. “The Doctor Carl Sagan Warned Us About.”  McGill. 8 Jan 2021

5. Brandy Zadrozny and Ben Collins. “As #Plandemic Goes Viral, Those Targeted by Discredited Scientist’s Crusade Warn of ‘Dangerous’ Claims.” NBC News. 7 May 2020

6. Scott Neuman. “Seen ‘Plandemic?’ We Take a Close look at the Viral Conspiracy Video’s Claims.” NPR. 8 May 2020
7. Sheera Frenkel and Davey Alba. “Misleading Virus Video Pushed by the Trumps, Spreads Online.” New York Times. 28 July 2020

8. Will Sommer. “Trump’s New Favorite COVID Doctor Believes in Alien DNA, Demon Sperm, and Hydroxychloroquine.” Daily Beast.  28 July 2020

9. Vera Bergengruen. “How ‘America’s Frontline Doctors’ Sold Access to Bogus COVID-19 Treatments – and Left Patients in the Lurch.” Time. 26 Aug 2021

10. Cheryl Clark. “Simone Gold Reprimanded by California's Medical Board.” MedPage Today. 5 Feb 2024

11. Amanda D’Ambrosio. “Stella Immanuel Highest U.S. Prescriber of Ivermectin and HCQ.” MedPage Today. 2 Mar 2023

12. Melina Delkic. “Trump’s Banishment from Facebook and Twitter: A Timeline.” New York Times. 13 May 2022

13. Elizabeth Dwoskin and Craig Timberg. “Misinformation Dropped Dramatically the Week After Twitter Banned Trump and Some Allies.”  Washington Post. 16 Jan 2021

14. “Mail-In Voter Fraud: Anatomy of a Disinformation Campaign.”  Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, Harvard University. 1 Oct 2020
15. “Repeat Offenders: Voting Misinformation on Twitter in the 2020 United States Election.” Election Integrity Partnership. 29 Oct 2020

16. Sarah Evanega, Mark Lynas, Jordan Adams, and Karinne Smolenyak. “Coronavirus Misinformation: Quantifying Sources and Themes in the COVID-19‘Infodemic.’” Cornell University. 

17. Sheera Frenkel. “How Misinformation ‘Superspreaders’ Seed False Election Theories.” New York Times. 23 Nov 2020

18. Alex Thompson. “Why the Right Wing Has a Massive Advantage on Facebook.”  Politico. 26 Sept 2020

19. “Ants in a Web.” Graphika. May 2021

20. Steven L. Johnson, Brent Kitchens and Peter Gray. “Facebook Serves as an Echo Chamber, Especially for Conservatives.” New York Times. 26 Oct 2020

21. Jeff Horwitz and Deepa Seetharaman. “Facebook Executives Shut Down Efforts to Make the Site Less Divisive.” Wall Street Journal. 26 Mar 2020

22. Greg Bensinger. “Does Zuckerberg Understand How the Right to Free Speech Works?” New York Times. 8 July 2020

23. “Who Controls the Conversation.” Economist. 24 Oct 2020

24. Ashley Capoot. “How Your Favorite Social Media Apps Are Preparing for Election Conspiracies.” CNBC. 5 Nov 2024
25. Suzy Loftus. “Protecting Election Integrity.” TikTok. 18 Jan 2024
26. Suzy Loftus. “Continuing To Protect the Integrity of TikTok Through the US Elections.” TikTok. 4 Sept 2024

27. “US Election 2024: Safety by the Numbers.” X. 14 Nov 2024

28. “The Great Clean-Up.”  Economist.  24 Oct 24

29. Julia Ingram. “In Elon Musk’s “Election Integrity” Community on X, False Claims Proliferate.” CBS News. 2 Nov 2024

30. Julia Ingram and Madeleine May. “The X Factor: How Trump Ally Elon Musk is Using Social Media to Prime Voter Mistrust Ahead of 2024 Election.” CBS News. 21 Oct 2024
31. Will Oremus, Trisha Thadani, and Jeremy B. Merrill. “Elon Musk Says X Users Fight Falsehoods. The Falsehoods are Winning.” Washington Post. 30 Oct 2024

32. “Rated Not Helpful.” Center for Countering Digital Hate. 30 Oct 2024

33. JD Vance. Post on X. 9 Sept 2024

34. Alicia Victoria Lozano. “It Just Exploded’: Springfield Woman Claims She Never Meant to Spark False Rumors About Haitians.” NBC News. 13 Sept 2024

35. Nicole Chavez. “Trump’s False Claims Haven’t Just Triggered a String of Bomb Threats in Springfield – They’re Also Draining Funds.” CNN. 22 Sept 2024

36. Elon Musk. Post on X. 26 July 2024

37. Kate Kelly, Emily Flitter and Shane Goldmacher. “Companies Pull Back Political Giving Following Capitol Violence.” New York Times.  11 Jan 2021

38. “TikTok Must Face Lawsuit Over 10-Year-Old Girl’s Death, US Court Rules.” Reuters. 28 Aug 2024

39. Jon Swaine and Naomi Nix. ‘Meta Suppressed Research on Child Safety, Employees Say.” Washington Post. 8 Sept 2025

40. “Client Profile: ByteDance, Inc.” Open Secrets. 10 Sept 2025

41. Ian Vandewalker. “Unprecedented Big Money Surge for Super PAC Tied to Trump.” Brennan Center for Justice. 5 Aug 2025

42. “Client Profile: Meta.” Open Secrets. 10 Sept 2025

43. Alistair Barr. “Meta CFO explains CEO Mark Zuckerberg’s $600 Billion White House Pledge.” Business Insider. 9 Sept 2025

44. Katherine Bunt, Meridith McGraw and Meghan Bobrowsky. “Tech CEOs Take Turns Praising Trump at White House Dinner.” Wall Street Journal. 4 Sept 2025

45. Dana Nickel. “After Charlie Kirk’s Killing, False Claims Flourish Online – With Help from U.S. Adversaries.” Politico. 17 Sept 2025

46. Ivan Pereira and Josh Margolin. “Security Analysts Flag Rise in Russian-Created Misinformation Posts on Social Media Following Kirk Shooting.” ABC News. 16 Sept 2025